NCERT Solutions for class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes -pathanto.com

NCERT Solutions for class 10 Science Chapter 6: Life Processes

NCERT Solutions for class 10 Science Chapter 6 Exercise Question

Question 1

The kidneys in human beings are a part of the system for

(a) nutrition

(b) respiration.

(d) transportation

Solution:

Answer

Question 2

The xylem in plants are responsible for

(a) transport of water .

(b) transport of food.

(d) transport of oxygen.

Answer

(a) transport of water

Question 3

The autotrophic mode of nutrition requires

(a) carbon dioxide and water.

(b) chlorophyll.

(d) all of the above.

Answer

(d) all of the above.

Question 4

The breakdown of pyruvate to give carbon dioxide, water and energy takes place in

(a) cytoplasm.

(b) mitochondria.

(d) nucleus

Answer

(b) mitochondria

Question 5

How are fats digested in our bodies? Where does this process take place?

Answer

The small intestine is the place where complete digestion of fats. Fats are in the form of larger globules present in the small intestine .The bile salts helps in breaking down larger globules into smaller globules. The pancreas secretes pancreatic juice which contains lipase for breaking down emulsified fats. The walls of the small intestine contains glands, which secretes intestinal juice. The enzymes present in intestinal juice converts fats into fatty acids and glycerol.

Question 6

What is the role of saliva in the digestion of food?

Answer

Saliva makes the food moist and soft in our mouth.it contains an enzyme called salivary amylase that breaks down starch and give sugar.

Question 7

What are the necessary conditions for autotrophic nutrition and what are its byproducts?

Answer

Autotrophic nutrition takes place by the process of photosynthesis.The necessary conditions required for autotrophic nutrition are carbon dioxide, water, chlorophyll pigment, and sunlight . Carbohydrates , oxygen O₂ and water H₂O are the by-products of photosynthesis.

Question 8

What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? Name some organisms that use the anaerobic mode of respiration?

Answer

Aerobic respiration	Anaerobic respiration
The process takes place in the presence oxygen	It occurs in the absence of the oxygen.
By-products aerobic respiration are CO₂, water and energy.	By-products of anaerobic respiration are ethanol, CO₂
Aerobic respiration takes place in cytoplasm and mitochondria	Anaerobic respiration takes place in cytoplasm.
Large amount of energy is release	Low amount of energy is release

Question 9

How are the alveoli designed to maximize the exchange of gases?

Answer

The balloon-like structures present inside lungs which are called alveoli (singular–alveolus). The alveoli provide a surface where the exchange of gases can take place. The walls of the alveoli contain an extensive network of blood-vessels.Walls of alveoli are extremely thin and made of single layer of cells. when we breathe air is sucked into the lungs and fills the expanded alveoli .

Question 10

What would be the consequences of a deficiency of hemoglobin in our bodies?

Answer

Hemoglobin deficiency cause to a disease called as anaemia in human body. Hemoglobin transportation of oxygen to cells of the body. Hemoglobin deficiency will result in a decrease in the oxygen-carrying capacity of RBC’S. The person may suffer from breathlessness that is a symptom of anaemia.

Question 11

Describe double circulation of blood in human beings. Why is it necessary?

Answer

When a single cycle blood goes twice in the heart that is known as double circulation.The separation of the right side and the left side of the heart is useful to keep oxygenated and deoxygenated blood from mixing. Such separation allows a highly efficient supply of oxygen to the body and also maintain a constant body temperature.

Question 12

What are the differences between the transport of materials in xylem and phloem?

Answer

Xylem	phloem
It helps in the transport of water and minerals.	It helps in the transport of food
Water is transported upwards from roots to other part of plant.	Food is transported in both upward and downward directions.
Major driving forces are transpiration pull and diffusion.	Being active transport, it uses ATP.

Question 13

Compare the functioning of alveoli in the lungs and nephrons in the kidneys with respect to their structure and functioning.

Answer

Alveoli	Nephrons
(i) Alveoli are tiny balloon-like structures present inside the lungs.	(i) Nephrons are tubular structures present inside the kidneys.
(ii) he walls of the alveoli contain an extensive network of blood-vessels.	(ii) Nephrons are made of glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, and a long renal tube.
(iii)Alveoli increase surface area for diffusion of CO₂ from blood to air and O₂ from air to blood	(iii) Nephrons also increase surface area for filtration of blood and reabsorption of useful substances and water from, filtrate leaving behind urine.
(iv) Alveoli are the site of gaseous exchange.	(iv) Nephrons are the basic filtration unit.
(v)It removes carbon-dioxide from the blood.	(v) It removes nitrogenous wastes from the blood.